{"id":53,"date":"2026-04-07T08:31:27","date_gmt":"2026-04-07T06:31:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/it2508.sspu-opava.eu\/?p=53"},"modified":"2026-04-14T08:23:18","modified_gmt":"2026-04-14T06:23:18","slug":"procesy-v-linuxu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/it2508.sspu-opava.eu\/?p=53","title":{"rendered":"Procesy v Linuxu"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"53\" class=\"elementor elementor-53\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a301d7f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"a301d7f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db0cbb0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"db0cbb0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">0. \u00davod<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67e86ea e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"67e86ea\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f393e9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f393e9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ji\u017e po vynalezen\u00ed prvn\u00edch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f napadalo in\u017een\u00fdry po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, \u017ee by mohli syst\u00e9my fungovat efektivn\u011bji a rychleji, pokud by byly schopny zpracov\u00e1vat n\u011bkolik \u016fkol\u016f z\u00e1rove\u0148 (tzv. <em>&#8222;multitasking&#8220;<\/em>). Byl to dobr\u00fd n\u00e1pad, ale jeho proveden\u00ed bylo v t\u00e9 dob\u011b velice t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 a nam\u00e1hav\u00e9, proto se projevuje teprve po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f. Linux je syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd zjednodu\u0161uje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f, proto nejen podporuje <strong>multitasking<\/strong>, ale tak\u00e9 zav\u00e1d\u00ed abstraktn\u00ed koncepty, d\u00edky kter\u00fdm je m\u016f\u017eou program\u00e1to\u0159i jednodu\u0161e vylep\u0161ovat sv\u00e9 programy nez\u00e1visle na fyzick\u00e9m hardwaru.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b7b7ce e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4b7b7ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff214a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff214a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">1. Procesy<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d712405 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d712405\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e2d45b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e2d45b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Proces je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed koncept multitaskingu, jeho atributy rozhoduj\u00ed o p\u0159i\u0159azov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dten\u00ed kapacity. Odpov\u00edd\u00e1 pr\u00e1v\u011b jednomu \u00fakolu, jen\u017e se vykon\u00e1v\u00e1.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b52921 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7b52921\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18ef65e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"18ef65e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">1.1 Atributy proces\u016f<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-515e060 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"515e060\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d831b73 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d831b73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd proces m\u00e1 n\u011bkolik atribut\u016f jen\u017e rozhoduj\u00ed jeho chov\u00e1n\u00ed, nov\u00e9 procesy sv\u00e9 atributy d\u011bd\u00ed z rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9ho (parent) procesu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35bc855 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"35bc855\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c8852a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7c8852a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Mezi z\u00e1kladn\u00ed atributy pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p><ul><li><strong>PID<\/strong> (<em>Process IDentity<\/em>) &#8211; unik\u00e1tn\u00ed identita procesu za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed od 1, je garantov\u00e1no \u017ee na se na b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edm syst\u00e9m\u016f nem\u016f\u017ee stejn\u00e1 identita objevit n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t<\/li><li><strong>UID, GID<\/strong> (<em>User IDentity, Group IDentity<\/em>) a dodate\u010dn\u00e9 skupiny &#8211; identity u\u017eivatele a skupiny spolu s dodate\u010dn\u00fdmi skupinami, ur\u010duj\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed procesu p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edstupu do souborov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f<\/li><li><strong>capabilities<\/strong> &#8211; d\u00e1le up\u0159es\u0148uj\u00ed s jak\u00fdmy opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00edmi proces b\u011b\u017e\u00ed (viz. bod 1.2)<\/li><li><strong>niceness<\/strong> a <strong>priority<\/strong> &#8211; zd\u011bluje pl\u00e1nova\u010di \u00faloh s jakou prioritou se m\u00e1 proces vykon\u00e1vat, procesy z ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed hodnotou niceness maj\u00ed p\u0159ednost<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f79e8d3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f79e8d3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a12e46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2a12e46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">1.2 Schopnosti proces\u016f<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4c5a2a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b4c5a2a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c98168 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2c98168\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>V tradi\u010dn\u00edch UNIX-ov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech se rozli\u0161uj\u00ed dva druhy proces\u016f &#8211; procesy <strong>privilegovan\u00e9<\/strong> (kde PID=0, neboli procesy b\u011b\u017e\u00ed\u0107i pod u\u017eivatelem <em>root<\/em> \u010di <em>superuser<\/em>) a procesy <strong>neprivilegovan\u00e9<\/strong>.<br \/>Privilegovan\u00e9 procesy m\u011bly v\u0161echny pr\u00e1va, zat\u00edm co pr\u00e1va proces\u016f nepr\u00edvilegovan\u00fdch vych\u00e1zela pouze z identit u\u017eivatele, indentit skupiny a dodate\u010dn\u00fdch skupin.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0b22f6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f0b22f6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-419159b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"419159b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Po\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc Linuxem 2.2 se pr\u00e1va procesu nov\u011b \u0159\u00edd\u00ed pomoc\u00ed <strong>schopnost\u00ed<\/strong> (<em>capabilities<\/em>).<br \/>Schopnosti umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed nejen <strong>p\u0159id\u00e1vat<\/strong> neprivilegovan\u00fdm proces\u016fm vybran\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, ale tak\u00e9 <strong>odeb\u00edrat<\/strong> pr\u00e1va privilegovan\u00fd proces\u016fm (Pozor &#8211; privilegovan\u00e9 procesy s prav\u00fdm UID=0 maj\u00ed m\u016f\u017eou st\u00e1le m\u00edt schopnost m\u011bnit sv\u00e1 pr\u00e1va pokud nedojde k nasazen\u00ed kernelov\u00e9ho bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edho modulu, jako nap\u0159. <a href=\"https:\/\/apparmor.net\/\">AppArmor<\/a>).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b8bb60c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b8bb60c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3712920 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3712920\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Kv\u016fli zachov\u00e1n\u00ed kompatibility s p\u0159edchoz\u00edmi syst\u00e9my, za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed privilegovan\u00e9 procesy spu\u0161t\u011bny obvykl\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem se v\u0161emi schopnostmi povolen\u00fdmi, toto ov\u0161em neplat\u00ed pokud se proces spust\u00ed pomoc\u00ed SUID=0 a prav\u00fdm UID!=0, pot\u00e9 se proces \u0159\u00edd\u00ed podle schopnost\u00ed ze spustiteln\u00e9ho souboru.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e14f1cd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e14f1cd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc9ab19 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"cc9ab19\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2. Vl\u00e1kna<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4f87ff7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4f87ff7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-679dc2e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"679dc2e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vl\u00e1kna jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed proces\u016f, sd\u00edl\u00fd se sv\u00fdm rodi\u010dovsk\u00fdm procesem pam\u011b\u0165, soubory, sockety, atributy a jin\u00e9. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 vl\u00e1kno m\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed identitu (<strong>TID<\/strong> &#8211; <em>Thread IDentity<\/em>).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22a2e17 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"22a2e17\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f345440 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"f345440\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">2.1 Hlavn\u00ed vl\u00e1kno<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8fc8a2 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f8fc8a2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac8de3c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ac8de3c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd proces za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 s jedn\u00edm vl\u00e1knem &#8211; <strong>hlavn\u00edm vl\u00e1knem<\/strong>, kde TID=PID.<br \/>Hlavn\u00ed vl\u00e1kno ur\u010duje v\u00fdsledn\u00fd stav procesu.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c870719 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c870719\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a69ada elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4a69ada\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">3. Skupiny proces\u016f<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a4dc01 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a4dc01\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f0d70d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f0d70d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Skupiny proces\u016f se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed sign\u00e1l\u016f mezi procesy. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 skupina proces\u016f m\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed identitu (<strong>PGID<\/strong> &#8211; <em>Process Group IDentity<\/em>).<br \/>Pokud je zasl\u00e1n sign\u00e1l na identitu skupiny, dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed jej v\u0161echny procesy v t\u00e9 skupin\u011b.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4086a3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b4086a3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c8b769d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c8b769d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">3.1 Leader skupiny proces\u016f<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b646a0d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"b646a0d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-04d4dbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"04d4dbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ka\u017ed\u00e1 skupina za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 s vedouc\u00edm procesem &#8211; <strong>leaderem<\/strong>. Skupiny nemus\u00ed nutn\u011b m\u00edt vedouc\u00ed proces.<br \/>P\u0159i ukon\u010den\u00ed jak\u00e9hokoliv procesu ve skupin\u011b dost\u00e1v\u00e1 vedouc\u00ed proces sign\u00e1l ukon\u010den\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte (<strong>SIGCHLD<\/strong>).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-512e422 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"512e422\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b0e03a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2b0e03a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">3.2 Pop\u0159edn\u00ed a pozadn\u00ed skupiny<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88d8a35 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"88d8a35\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28c5038 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"28c5038\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Skupiny mohou b\u00fdt bu\u010f na pop\u0159ed\u00ed nebo na pozad\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-526cd1b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"526cd1b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43aa356 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"43aa356\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Skupiny, kter\u00e9 jsou na pop\u0159ed\u00ed zapisuj\u00ed sv\u016fj v\u00fdstup a \u010dtou sv\u016fj vstup z ovl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edho termin\u00e1lu sezen\u00ed (viz. bod 4.2).<br \/>Skupiny, kter\u00e9 jsou na pozad\u00ed st\u00e1le vykon\u00e1vaj\u00ed sv\u00e9 \u00falohy, ale jejich v\u00fdstup nen\u00ed zapisov\u00e1n na termin\u00e1l a nep\u0159\u00edj\u00edmaj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd vstup z termin\u00e1lu, tak\u00e9 k nim nejsou sm\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1ny sign\u00e1ly vyvolan\u00e9 kl\u00e1vesnic\u00ed (nap\u0159. <strong>SIGINT<\/strong> &#8211; <em>p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed<\/em>).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d442770 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d442770\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-355a1d5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"355a1d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4. Sezen\u00ed<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a9bbe7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3a9bbe7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ac36c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ac36c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Sezen\u00ed jsou celky stvo\u0159en\u00e9 ze skupin proces\u016f, jsou zodpov\u011bdny za <strong>spr\u00e1vu \u00faloh<\/strong> (<em>job control<\/em>) na termin\u00e1lech u\u017eivatel\u016f. Obvykle vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159ihla\u0161en\u00ed do textov\u00e9ho rozhran\u00ed nebo p\u0159i otev\u0159en\u00ed grafick\u00e9ho termin\u00e1lu. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 sezen\u00ed m\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed identitu (<strong>SID<\/strong> &#8211; <em>Session IDentity<\/em>).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ab998c7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ab998c7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e41ea1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e41ea1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4.1 Leader sezen\u00ed<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fb6e0f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4fb6e0f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39ae475 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"39ae475\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ka\u017ed\u00e9 sezen\u00ed s vedouc\u00edm procesem &#8211; <strong>leaderem<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6e328bc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6e328bc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d3caf33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d3caf33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Vedouc\u00ed proces rozhoduje, kter\u00e1 skupina proces\u016f je na pop\u0159ed\u00ed a je zodpov\u011bdn\u00fd za rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed sign\u00e1l\u016f.<br \/>Pokud sezen\u00ed nem\u00e1 vedouc\u00ed proces, p\u0159eb\u00edr\u00e1 zodpov\u011bdnost za rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed sign\u00e1l\u016f skupina na pop\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-265be7d e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"265be7d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c59f54 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6c59f54\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">4.2 Ovl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed termin\u00e1l sezen\u00ed<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6cfa90f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6cfa90f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f078dcd elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f078dcd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ka\u017ed\u00e1 skupina m\u00e1 sv\u016fj ovl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed termin\u00e1l, kter\u00fd p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 v\u00fdstupy a odes\u00edl\u00e1 vstupy do skupiny na pop\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff96af9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ff96af9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1179c44 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1179c44\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Ovl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00ed termin\u00e1l je bu\u010f automaticky nastaven na <strong>prvn\u00ed termin\u00e1lov\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/strong> otev\u0159en\u00e9 leaderem sezen\u00ed, nebo manu\u00e1ln\u011b pomoc\u00ed syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 vol\u00e1n\u00ed <strong>ioctl<\/strong> s operac\u00ed <strong>TIOCSCTTY<\/strong>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ebdbe8f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ebdbe8f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e665a0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0e665a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Zdroje:<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-be90f40 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"be90f40\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05b6a49 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"05b6a49\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Linux man-pages<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/\">Wikipedia<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.kernel.org\/\">docs.kernel.org<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>0. \u00davod Ji\u017e po vynalezen\u00ed prvn\u00edch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f napadalo in\u017een\u00fdry po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, \u017ee by mohli syst\u00e9my fungovat efektivn\u011bji a rychleji, pokud by byly schopny zpracov\u00e1vat n\u011bkolik \u016fkol\u016f z\u00e1rove\u0148 (tzv. &#8222;multitasking&#8220;). Byl to dobr\u00fd n\u00e1pad, ale jeho proveden\u00ed bylo v t\u00e9 dob\u011b velice t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 a nam\u00e1hav\u00e9, proto se projevuje teprve po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch opera\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nezarazene"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/it2508.sspu-opava.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/it2508.sspu-opava.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/it2508.sspu-opava.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/it2508.sspu-opava.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/it2508.sspu-opava.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=53"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/it2508.sspu-opava.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":61,"href":"https:\/\/it2508.sspu-opava.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/53\/revisions\/61"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/it2508.sspu-opava.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=53"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/it2508.sspu-opava.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=53"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/it2508.sspu-opava.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=53"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}